Isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo (Cronic obstructive pulmonary disease) (COPD) yimeko yemiphunga yexesha elide enokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. Oku kwenzeka xa imigudu yomoya emiphungeni yakho idumba, ivalekile, okanye iphulukane neempawu ezinwebekayo.1

Omnye wezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zeCOPD kukutshaya - kuquka ukuphefumlela umsi wecuba.1 Ukutshaya Nye yezona zizathu ziphambili, kodwa hayi kuphela unobangela weCOPD. Ukuba uneCOPD, ukuyeka ukutshaya yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo onokuthi uzenze ukulawula imeko yakho kwaye uyigcine ingabi mbi.2

Xa utshaya, akuphefumli nje ukutshiswa kwamagqabi ecuba nephepha lomdiza. Kukho ngaphezu Iikhemikhali ezi-7,000 emidiyeni, nangaphezulu Ama-70 kubo aziwa ngokubangela umhlaza.3 Ukuba oko bekungafanelekanga ngokwaneleyo, umsi namasuntswana owaphefumlayo ngelixa utshayayo angonakalisa iindlela zakho zomoya kunye neengxowa zomoya ezincinane ezibizwa ngokuba yi-alveoli – ezifumaneka nzulu emiphungeni yakho.1

Ukutshaya akugcini nje ukuphakamisa umngcipheko weCOPD, kunoko:

  • Wenze buthathaka amajoni akho omzimba4
  • Cotha ixesha lakho lokuphilisa4
  • Yongeza umngcipheko wakho wokubetha, isifo sentliziyo, kunye neentlobo ezininzi zomhlaza3
  • Yiba nefuthe elibi kubomi bakho bezesondo (emadodeni, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile, ukunciphisa isondo kunye nokungazali)5, 6, 7

Ukuba uyatshaya, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokuyeka. Zininzi izixhobo kunye nonyango olukhoyo lokukunceda ube “ngumntu otshayayo ngaphambili.”2

Phawula: Ukuba uye wachatshazelwa ngumsi wecuba, okanye ukuba uthe watshaya okanye utshiza njengomntwana osemtsha okanye umntu omdala osemtsha, unokuba nokukhula kancinci kwemiphunga okanye usulelo lwemiphunga olunokunyusa umngcipheko wakho weCOPD kamva ebomini.8

I-e-cigarettes, ekwabizwa ngokuba zii-vapes, zizixhobo ezincinci ezifudumeza ulwelo-ezidla ngokuba ne-nicotine kunye nencasa-kwinkungu ophefumla kuyo. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuba ukufunxa kukhuselekile kunokutshaya icuba eliqhelekileyo, kodwa ayonyani leyo.

Inkungu evela kwi-e-cigarettes iqulethe izinto ezinobungozi njengamasuntswana amancinci, isinyithi esinzima, kunye neekhemikhali ezinokonakalisa imiphunga yakho kwaye zenze kube nzima ukuphefumla.9 I-vaping iye yanxulunyaniswa neengxaki zentliziyo kunye nomgangatho ophantsi womoya ekhaya-njengomsi wecuba.10,11

INicotine yeyona nto iphambili kwii-e-cigarettes ezininzi. Iyakhobokisa kakhulu kwaye inokuba yingozi ngakumbi kulutsha nakubantu abadala. Abantu abaqala ukuphefumla besebancinci kunokwenzeka ukuba bazame ukutshaya icuba rhoqo kamva.12

Ayinabo bonke abatshayayo abaya kuphuhlisa iCOPD, kodwa ukutshaya kwandisa kakhulu amathuba akho. Uphando lubonisa ukuba emva kweminyaka yokutshaya, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40% yabantu abatshayayo baya kuba neCOPD.2

Kwaye khumbula: ukutshaya ayisiyiyo kuphela imbangela yeCOPD. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba phantse i-30% yabantu abaneCOPD abazange batshaye kwaphela13. Aba bantu basenokuba baye bachanabeka kwezinye izinto ezinobungozi ezifana nongcoliseko lomoya, ukuba sesichengeni somsebenzi, okanye imichiza.13

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-COPD ibangelwa kukuvezwa kwexesha elide okanye umonakalo kwimiphunga. Abanye oonobangela baquka:14

  • Imbali yentsapho yesifo semiphunga
  • Ukuvezwa kungcoliseko lomoya, uthuli, umsi, okanye imichiza (ingakumbi kwindawo yokusebenza)
  • Usulelo olunzulu lwemiphunga ngexesha lobuntwana
  • Iminyaka yobudala
  • Imeko yemfuza ebizwa ngokuba yi-alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

Ukuba uneCOPD, ukuyeka ukutshaya yenye yezona zinto zilungileyo onokuzenza kwimpilo yakho. Ayizukuwubuyisela umva umonakalo owenziweyo, kodwa inokucothisa ukuba iimpawu zakho ziba mandundu kangakanani na.1

Enyanisweni, uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu abaneCOPD abayeka ukutshaya kancinci ukuba ulaliswe esibhedlele kwaye bathande ukuba impilo engcono yexesha elide xa kuthelekiswa nabo baqhubeka betshaya.16

Kwelinye icala, ukuba uqhubeka utshaya, usenoku:

  • Yiba nokugqabhuka rhoqo kweCOPD19
  • Chitha ixesha elininzi esibhedlele okanye kwidinga likagqirha20
  • Ukufumana ukuphefumla ngakumbi19
  • Yenza bufutshane ubomi bakho16

Akukho mpendulo ilula yokuba umntu unokuphila ixesha elingakanani neCOPD ukuba uqhubeka etshaya-kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengenqanaba leCOPD yakho, impilo yakho yonke, kunye nokuba utshaya kangakanani.1

Oko thina do yazi ukuba ukutshaya kwenza bufutshane ubomi bakho. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba abantu abaneCOPD abaqhubeka betshaya basengozini yokufumana iimpawu eziya zisiba mbi, ukugqabhuka rhoqo, kunye nomngcipheko wokufa kwangoko xa kuthelekiswa nabo bayekayo.16

Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba umkhwa wakho wokutshaya unokuchaphazela njani impilo yakho okanye ixesha lokuphila, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho. Banokukunceda uqonde ubungozi bakho kwaye basebenze nawe kwisicwangciso sokuyeka. Alikho ixesha lokuxhamla ngokuyeka.2

Eyona ndlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-COPD kukuphepha ukutshaya kunye nokuchayeka kwicuba1. Zombini ezi zinokwenza ingozi ehlala ixesha elide kwimibhobho yomoya kunye nemiphunga.

Kodwa ukutshaya akukuphela kwesizathu seCOPD. Abanye abantu bahlakulela isifo ngenxa:

  • I-Genetics (efana nokusilela kwe-Alpha-1 antitrypsin)16
  • Usulelo lwemiphunga ebuntwaneni15
  • Ukuba sesichengeni ixesha elide kuthuli, umsi, okanye ungcoliseko13
  • Ukupheka kwangaphakathi nge-biomass fuels18

Yiloo nto ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kubalulekile. Ukubamba i-COPD kwangethuba kwaye uqalise unyango olululo kunokunceda ukukhusela imiphunga yakho kumonakalo ongakumbi kwaye ugcine uziva ungcono.1

Ucaphulo