I-COPD vs. Isifuba Somoya

I-COPD vs Isifuba Somoya: Uyini Umehluko?

Isifuba somoya kanye neCOPD kokubili yizimo zesikhathi eside ezithinta imigudu yomoya namaphaphu, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokubili kungaba nzima futhi abanye abantu banezimpawu nezimpawu eziwuphawu lwazo zombili izifo. Nokho, isisekelo esiqinile ukuxilongwa kubalulekile ekuhlinzekeni ukwelashwa nokuphatha okufanele kakhulu.

Siyini isifuba somoya?

Asthma ithinta abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingama-358 emhlabeni jikelele. E-USA, cishe oyedwa kwabangu-12 abadala utholakala enalesi sifo.

Ngesifuba somoya, ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwemigudu yakho yomoya luyazwela, luyavuvukala futhi lukhiqize amafinyila amaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisipha ebushelelezi ezungeze imigudu yomoya iyaqina. Kuholela ekutheni imigudu yokuphefumula ibe mincane - inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-bronchoconstriction - okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula nokuphuma.

Yini i-COPD?

COPD ichaza iqoqo lezimo zamaphaphu - okuhlanganisa i-bronchitis ne-emphysema - ezenza imigudu yethu yomoya ibe mincane, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.

Emhlabeni jikelele, cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-384 bane-COPD, nakuba abaningi behlala befihliwe futhi bengahlonzwanga. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-COPD ikhula kancane eminyakeni eminingi, okusho ukuthi kwabaningi ababoni noma yiziphi izimpawu baze bafinyelele eminyakeni engama-50.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-asthma ne-COPD

Ukuncipha kwendlela yomoya kuyisici sakho kokubili i-COPD nesifuba somoya. Kuzo zombili izimo, izimpawu zingaqubuka futhi zibe zimbi ngokuzumayo - lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukushuba. Nokho, izinqubo ezihilelekile zihlukile ngale ndlela elandelayo.

Izimbangela kanye nezimbangela

In COPD umonakalo ubangelwa ukuphefumula izinto eziyingozi, ezicasulayo emoyeni, ngokuvamile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside.Okucasula kakhulu intuthu kagwayi - abantu abangafika kwabathathu kwabathathu abanentuthu ye-COPD noma abajwayele ukubhema. Ezinye izimbangela ze-COPD zihlanganisa ukungcoliswa komoya, uthuli lwasemsebenzini, namakhemikhali.Ukuvutha ngokuvamile kubangelwa izifo zokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ebusika.

Asthma ukuvuvukala, ukusabela kwe-allergic. Asazi ngempela imbangela kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi iyinhlanganisela yemvelo, izakhi zofuzo, kanye nezici zomsebenzi.Izinto ezibangela ukuqubuka ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu futhi zingabandakanya ukuhleka, ukuvivinya umzimba, izifo zokuphefumula, ukungezwani komzimba (isib. impova noma isikhunta), kanye nesimo sezulu.

Izimpawu

Izimpawu zokuphefumula ezingapheli ezivamile ku-asthma ne-COPD zihlanganisa ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ukuqina kwesifuba, kanye nokuphefumula. Nokho, iphethini yezimpawu iyahlukahluka.

In COPD, ukuphelelwa umoya kukhona izinsuku eziningi futhi kwenza umsebenzi womzimba ube nzima. Kungase kuhlotshaniswe nokukhwehlela kanye nephlegm. Ngokuvamile, Izimpawu ze-COPD ziba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Asthma izimpawu ziyahlukahluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye nokuqina. Kungase kube nezikhathi ezinde ezingenazo izimpawu.

Izimpawu ziba ngcono ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ngokwelashwa kwe-bronchodilator/i-corticosteroid ehogeliwe.

Ubudala

COPD ayivamile kubantu abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-40.

Asthma kuvamile ebuntwaneni kodwa kungaqala kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Ezinye izingane ezinesifuba somoya zithola ukuthi izimpawu zazo ziba ngcono njengoba zikhula.

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu (spirometry)

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu kuwukuhlola ukuphefumula okulula okulinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. Uzocelwa ukuthi ushaye ngamandla emshinini obizwa ngokuthi i-spirometer ekala ingqikithi yomthamo womoya ongawuphefumula kanye nje, nokuthi ungawakhipha ngokushesha kangakanani umoya emaphashini akho. Abantu abanamaphaphu anempilo bangakwazi ukuthulula okungenani u-70% womoya emaphashini abo ngomzuzwana wokuqala wokuphefumula kanzima - lesi silinganiso sibizwa ngokuthi ivolumu yokuphefumula ephoqelekile ngomzuzwana ongu-1 (FEV1). Isikolo se-FEV1 esincishisiwe siqinisekisa ukuthi unokuvinjwa kwendlela yokuphefumula - lapho isikolo sakho siphansi, izinga lokuvimbeka liyanda.

Abantu abane COPD babe nokuvinjelwa kwemigudu yokuphefumula okuqhubekayo. Akuvamisile ukuhlehliswa ngokwelashwa. Ukusebenza kwamaphaphu kuvame ukuwohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Abantu abane ufuba ngokuvamile kuvame ukuvinjelwa kwemigudu yomoya. Ingahluka kuye ngokuthi i-asthma yabo ilawulwa kahle kangakanani.Ngesifuba somoya esilawulwa kahle, ukusebenza kwamaphaphu kungagcinwa.

Ukwelashwa

Iseluleko esivamile sendlela yokuphila sihlanganisa ukuyeka ukubhema, ukuhlala unempilo, ukudla kahle, nokuzivocavoca umzimba okufanele.

Eziningi imithi ye-asthma kanye nemithi ye-COPD iyafana, njengama-bronchodilator nama-anti-inflammatories alethwa kusetshenziswa i-inhaler kanye/noma ukuthatha ithebhulethi. Nokho, lezi zimo zombili zinezinhlelo zokwelashwa ezihluke kakhulu.

Uma uxilongwa COPD, ukwelashwa komugqa wokuqala ngokuvamile i-bronchodilator inhaler. Udokotela wakho angase engeze ku-corticosteroid ehogeliwe kamuva uma lokho kungenele.

Nge ufuba ukuxilongwa, uzonikezwa i-corticosteroid ehogeliwe ngokushesha. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze unciphise amathuba akho okuba nokuqubuka okukhulu, okungenzeka okusongela ukuphila.

Ngingaba nakho kokubili isifuba somoya kanye ne-COPD?

Isifuba somoya esihlanganisiwe kanye ne-COPD - kwesinye isikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-asthma-COPD overlap' - akusona isimo esihlukile. Nokho, kuyenzeka ukuthi umuntu abe nakho kokubili isifuba somoya kanye neCOPD ngesikhathi esisodwa. Akucaci ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kaningi kangakanani futhi ucwaningo oluhlukene lubike ukuthi noma yikuphi phakathi kwengxenye eyodwa kweshumi nengxenye eyodwa yabantu abanesifuba somoya noma i-COPD bangase babe nazo zombili izimo. Amanani ayahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi umdala kangakanani, ubulili bakho, nokuthi abacwaningi balusethe kanjani ucwaningo lwabo.

Nakuba i-COPD ingavamile kubantu abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengama-40, izimpawu ezihlangene zesifuba somoya kanye ne-COPD zingase zivele ebuntwaneni noma lapho sebekhulile.
Kudingeka izifundo ezengeziwe kubantu abane-asthma ne-COPD. Kodwa-ke, siyazi ukuthi abantu abahlangabezana nengxube yohlobo lwe-asthma kanye nezici zohlobo lwe-COPD bavame ukuba nezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu kanye nokuqubuka. Futhi bavame ukudinga ukwesekwa okwengeziwe kwezempilo kanye nokusebenza kwamaphaphu abo kuba kubi ngokushesha kunabantu abane-asthma noma i-COPD bodwa.

Ngizolashwa kanjani uma nginakho kokubili isifuba somoya kanye ne-COPD?

Esimweni sokuqala, udokotela wakho uzokwelapha isifuba somoya. Uzonikezwa i-corticosteroid ehogeliwe ukuze unciphise amathuba okuba nesifuba somoya esinamandla noma esisongela ukuphila, futhi cishe zizokwengeza ku-bronchodilator kamuva. Kuye ngokuthi izimpawu zakho zohlobo lwe-COPD zimnene noma zinzima kangakanani, ungase udinge ukulawulwa okwengeziwe kwezidakamizwa ze-COPD kanye nokungezona izidakamizwa.

Udokotela wakho uzobuyekeza izimpawu zakho, ukwelashwa, nokuthi ululame kangakanani phakathi nezinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu zokwelashwa. Ungase udinge ukubonana nochwepheshe wesibhedlela uma kusekhona ukungaqiniseki mayelana nokuxilongwa kwakho noma uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthukanga ngokwanele.

Ingabe i-asthma ingaholela ku-COPD kamuva?

Akuwona wonke umuntu one-asthma oqhubeka nokuthuthukisa i-COPD. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nesifuba somoya njengengane noma umuntu omdala omncane kungathinta indlela amaphaphu akho akhula ngayo, futhi lokho kungandisa amathuba akho okuba ne-COPD lapho usukhulile. Olunye ucwaningo lwakamuva lubike ukuthi ngaphezu kwengane eyodwa kweziyi-10 ezinesifuba somoya eziphikelelayo (okungukuthi zazinezimpawu nsuku zonke) yaqhubeka nokuba ne-COPD njengomuntu omdala osemusha.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma unesifuba somoya, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungabhemi. Ukuyeka kuzosiza ekwehliseni amathuba okuba ne-COPD empilweni yakamuva.
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