Isiguli ngasinye sifanelwe ukufinyelela ekwelashweni okufanele sona — kungakhathalekile ukuthi sihlala kuphi noma ukuthi sinemali engakanani. I-GAAPP isebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo ohulumeni abazisebenzisayo ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezimboziwe nezingabizi empeleni zibonisa lokho iziguli ezikudingayo.
INQUBOMGOMO YAMANANI NOKUTHI INGABI NEZINTO EZINGAKUTHINTEKA
Inkinga: Kungani iziguli ngezinye izikhathi zikhokha kakhulu ngemithi yazo?
Emazweni amaningi, ohulumeni babeka intengo abazoyikhokhela umuthi ngokuyiqhathanisa namanani akwamanye amazwe. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuthi Amanani e-Most Favoured Nation (MFN) — kusho ukuthi izwe alikhokhi ngaphezu kwentengo ephansi kakhulu etholakalayo kwenye indawo emhlabeni.
Nakuba lokhu kuzwakala sengathi kuyinto enhle ezigulini, kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu:
- Abakhiqizi bangase banqume ukungawuqali nhlobo umuthi emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi, ukuze bagweme ukubeka intengo ephansi ezobe seyehlisa amanani ezimakethe ezicebile.
- Iziguli kwamanye amazwe zingase zilinde isikhathi eside kakhulu - noma zingabe zisakwazi ukuthola - ukwelashwa okungazisiza.
- Uhlelo lungajezisa amazwe okwakufanele luwavikele ngengozi.
Lokho okushiwo yiziguli
Ocwaningweni olwenziwe ezigulini ezivela emhlabeni wonke, eziningi zibike ukuthi ziyahluleka ukukhokhela imithi yazo enqunyiwe — ngisho nasemazweni anomshuwalense wezempilo kazwelonke. Iziguli zichaze ukweqa imithamo, ukwabela izimpahla, noma ukungatholi ukwelashwa ngenxa yezindleko. Lokhu akulona nje ubunzima bezezimali: kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi yezempilo.
Lokho okwenziwa yi-GAAPP
I-GAAPP iyilungu elisungule i- I-ACH/PIC Coalition ngayinye — iqembu lezinhlangano zeziguli ezisebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanani
izinqubomgomo zenzelwe iziguli engqondweni, hhayi nje izabelomali zikahulumeni noma izimakethe zemithi.
Sikholelwa ukuthi noma iyiphi inqubomgomo yamanani kumele ihlolwe ngombuzo owodwa obalulekile: Ingabe lokhu kuzosiza iziguli ukuthi zithole ukwelashwa ezikudingayo, noma kuzodala izithiyo ezintsha?
Sinxusa ohulumeni ukuthi:
- Bandakanya iziguli nezinhlangano zeziguli ezingxoxweni zenqubomgomo yamanani ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe izinqumo
- Hlola umthelela wangempela wemithetho yamanani ekufinyeleleni kweziguli — hhayi ephepheni kuphela, kodwa nasekwenzeni
- Qinisekisa ukuthi akukho nqubomgomo yamanani eholela ekubambezelweni noma ekuhoxisweni kwemithi emakethe
Funda kabanzi
|
Intengo ngayinye/ye-PIC ku-MFN |
Isitatimende ngasinye/se-PIC mayelana nezinqubomgomo zamanani ze-MFN |
|
Ucwaningo Lokukwazi Ukukhokhela Iziguli |
Lokho Okushiwo Iziguli Ngokutholakala Kwemithi Engabizi Kakhulu |
|
Iforamu Yentengo Efanele ye-WHO |
Iforamu Yentengo Efanele ye-WHO - Ukuthengeka Kwemithi Nokubonakala Kwemakethe |
IZWI LESIGULI KU-HTA NEZIQONDISO ZOKWELASHWA
Kuyini i-HTA?
Uma uhulumeni enquma ukuthi yimiphi imithi kanye nokwelashwa okuzokhokhelwa ngomshuwalense wezempilo womphakathi, ngokuvamile udlula enkambisweni yokubuyekeza ebizwa ngokuthi Ukuhlola ubuchwepheshe bempilo, noma i-HTA. Ababuyekezi babheka ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani, kuphephile kangakanani, nokuthi kuyafaneleka yini ukubiza uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinketho.
Ziyini iziqondiso zezokwelapha?
Imitholampilo imihlahlandlela kuyimibhalo esemthethweni esiza odokotela ukuthi banqume ukuthi yiluphi ukwelashwa okufanele baluncome ngesimo esithile. Zisekelwe ebufakazini bezokwelapha obungcono kakhulu obutholakalayo. Zombili izinqumo ze-HTA kanye neziqondiso zezokwelapha zinomthelela oqondile ekutheni iziguli zingakwazi yini ukuthola ukwelashwa odokotela bazo abakuncomayo. Kodwa kaningi, abantu abaphila nalezi zifo - iziguli - abafakwa engxoxweni.
Kungani izwi lesiguli libalulekile
Idatha yesilingo somtholampilo — imiphumela yezifundo zocwaningo ezilawulwayo — ingasitshela ukuthi umuthi uyasebenza yini ngokwesilinganiso. Kodwa awukwazi ukusitshela ukuthi kunjani ukuphila nesifo esingamahlalakhona usuku nosuku, ukuthi ukwelashwa kuthinta kanjani ikhono lakho lokusebenza noma ukunakekela umndeni wakho, noma ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela emibi iziguli ezikuthola kunzima kakhulu ukuyilawula. Lokho okuhlangenwe nakho okuphilayo kuwubufakazi obubalulekile nobuthembekile — futhi kufanele kufakwe kuzo zonke izibuyekezo ze-HTA kanye nazo zonke iziqondiso zezokwelapha.
Igebe Lokuzibandakanya Kweziguli
Ocwaningweni lwezinhlangano zeziguli kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Asia Pacific, eLatin America nase-Afrika, Abangu-64% bathi abakaze baxhumane ngqo nomzimba we-HTA wezwe labo — i-ejensi enesibopho sokwenza lezi zinqumo zokumboza. Izinhlangano eziningi zazingazi ukuthi zingazibandakanya kanjani, noma zazizizwa zingakulungele ukuhlanganyela.
Lena akuyona inkinga yesiguli. Iyinkinga yokuklama uhlelo.
Lokho okwenziwa yi-GAAPP
I-GAAPP isebenza ukuvala lesi sikhala ngokusebenzisa:
- Ukwakha amandla — ukuhlinzeka izinhlangano zeziguli ngokuqeqeshwa namathuluzi asebenzayo ukuze zihlanganyele ngokunenjongo ekubuyekezweni kwe-HTA kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesiqondiso
- Ukuqinisa isisekelo sobufakazi — ukusebenzisana nabalingani ukuthuthukisa indlela idatha ebikwe yisiguli (ulwazi oluqoqwe ngqo ezigulini mayelana nokuhlangenwe nakho kwazo) eqoqwa ngayo futhi isetshenziswe ekuhlolweni okusemthethweni
- Amanethiwekhi esifunda abandakanyayo — ngokubambisana kanye nemifelandawonye, i-GAAPP isiza izinhlangano zeziguli ukwakha ubudlelwano nezinhlangano ezenza izinqumo zokumboza kanye neziqondiso
Siyakholwa: Isinqumo sokwelashwa esingafaki umbono wesiguli siyisinqumo esingaphelele.
Funda kabanzi
|
Isixhumanisi se-HTAsia |
|
|
I-HTAi PCIG |
|
|
Ukubuka konke kwe-WHO - HTA |
|
|
INAHTA - Ukubandakanyeka Kwesiguli |
Isitatimende Sesikhundla se-INAHTA Ngokubandakanyeka Kwesiguli ku-HTA |
|
Isiqondiso se-EUPATI – HTA seziguli |
|
|
Ucwaningo Lwemiphumela Egxile Esigulini |
|
|
Ukuhlanganyela ne-HTA Bodies |